Introduction: Modern treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) provides improved quality of life and prolonged survival for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).
Objective: To present the main types of drug-related problems (DRPs) that can be identified and prevented by pharmacists during the dispensing of medications and monitoring the condition of CML patients.
Materials and Methods: A systematic review of the existing scientific medical literature concerning TKI drug therapy in CML patients was conducted.
Results: The choice of optimal therapy is based not only on efficacy but also on the safety of the drug product and consideration of individual characteristics such as age and comorbidities. Nilotinib and dasatinib are second-line TKIs prescribed in cases of therapeutic failure with imatinib, requiring strict monitoring for potential serious adverse drug reactions such as urinary retention and pleural effusion. The safety, efficacy, and optimal dosing of therapy in patients with hypothyroidism due to TKI treatment should be assessed individually. The use of drugs that induce or inhibit the CYP3A4 enzyme can cause serious interactions. Concurrent administration of imatinib and simvastatin leads to an increase in the maximum plasma concentration of simvastatin, which is due to the inhibition of the CYP3A4 enzyme by imatinib. Studies indicate relatively low adherence to imatinib therapy among CML patients due to missed doses, prescription errors, side effects, etc.
Conclusion: Comprehensive care for CML patients, which includes the involvement of pharmacists, ensures traceability, control, and prevention of problems related to drug therapy.
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