Abstract
Introduction
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging technique with proven diagnostic and follow-up value for diabetic macular edema, age related macular degeneration, Stargardt`s disease, retinitis pigmentosa, glaucoma, etc. The research interest for OCT and its diagnostic role in foveal hypoplasia in recent years has been increased. Foveal hypoplasia could be isolated finding or as a part of other eye or systemic disorders.
Purpose
The aim of this article is to investigate whether OCT could be of use in diagnosis of foveal hypoplasia in children.
Material and methods
We present several examples of clinical cases with abnormal foveal morphology (different stages of foveal hypoplasia) among pediatric population. The macular abnormality was detected and graded with spectral domain-OCT (Topcon 3D OCT) - Macula Line / Raster programs, after strictly localized linear B-scan through the fovea.
Results
Morphological characteristics of the macula include extrusion of the plexiform layers from the central fovea. In patients with foveal hypoplasia we found absence of extrusion with shallow and absent foveal pit, absence of outer segment lengthening and also absence of outer nuclear layer widening. These were the structural changes, which were taken into account in diagnostic and grading process of foveal hypoplasia.
Conclusion
This report highlights the role of OCT in the macular area for diagnosis of foveal hypoplasia. Especially when described findings in patients could be stay clinically masked by normal visual acuity.
Keywords
foveal hypoplasia; optical coherence tomography; children population
References
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