Introduction: Literature data shows that miR-191 can be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker to differentiate between Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).
Aim: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the serum expression of miR-191 in patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease and to determine the role of microRNAs in distinguishing CD from UC.
Materials and Methods: Serum miR-191 expression was tested in 70 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (35 with UC, 35 patients with CD) and 30 healthy control subjects through reverse transcriptase and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR).
Results: The results show that miR-191 has increased expression in CD, active disease, small intestinal localization, and chronic persistent form of UC, and extraintestinal manifestations. The correlation analysis shows a positive correlation between the expression of miR-191 and faecal calprotectin and CDAI.
Conclusion: The serum expression of miR-191 was significantly higher in patients with CD compared to patients with UC. It correlated with the localization and activity in CD, and in UC there was only a correlation to the form of the course and the extraintestinal manifestations. It can be used to distinguish between the two diseases.
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