Introduction: Managing perioperative bleeding and achieving effective hemostasis are key components of a successful surgical procedure. Uncontrolled hemorrhage can compromise clinical outcomes or even lead to life-threatening consequences. Mechanical methods for hemostasis such as local compression have proven to be a foundation for hemorrhage control. In some cases, however, pressure alone may be insufficient, leading to the need of additional methods to be used. Careful planning, awareness of often complex medical history of patients as well as thorough knowledge of different types of agents and techniques for hemostasis are an important part of a successful surgical procedure.
Aim: The aim of this literature review is to assess factors and conditions interfering with the physiological process of hemostasis and their perioperative management.
Materials and Methods: The present study relies on literature data available in PubMed, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and ScienceGate from 1976 to 2024, with an emphasis on literature from the past 5 years.
Results: This literature review is based on publications that provided detailed information about bleeding complications during oral surgery, management of patients with compromised hemostasis, and methods for hemorrhage control.
Conclusion: Achieving effective hemostasis is a mandatory step of every surgical intervention. In the reality of patients’ often complex medical history, diverse medication intake and the immense variety of measures for obtaining hemostasis, it is expected that the dental specialist would need more clarification and guidance when it comes to hemorrhage control.
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