Infectious Mononucleosis – clinical presentation based on materials of two wards - otorhinolaryngology and pediatrics in Stara Zagora region

Abstract

Infectious mononucleosis is caused by the ubiquitous Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The disease is characterized by fever, lymphadenopathy, tonsillopharyngitis and fatigue. The laboratory findings include lymphocytosis with an elevated number of atypical lymphocytes seen on peripheral smear and a heterophile or EBV-specific antibody response. It is a common condition usually affecting adolescents and young adults.
The purpose of our study was to review the clinical signs and laboratory findings in patients, diagnosed with IM during the previous 2 years. The information from 45 patients, including age, sex, history and physical findings, liver involvement, laboratory data, management practices and treatment outcomes were analyzed.
Most cases were mild to moderate in severity with full recovery taking place from three to four weeks and required only supportive care. In some patients complications may develop. Patients with severe airway obstruction should be closely monitored by the clinicians to receive the proper treatment. Corticosteroid therapy may be indicated but should be carefully assessed and used only in cases when the benefits outweigh the potential risks.Surgical treatment (tonsillectomy) is a very rare option in some special cases.