Ранната диагностика на оралната инфекция с човешки папиломен вирус (human papilloma virus, HPV) е предпоставка за своевременното и адекватно лечебно поведение при тези болни. В настоящия обзор се обсъждат някои основни диагностични методи, прилагани през последните години. Имат се предвид полимеразната верижна реакция (конвенционална и с примери) за ДНК на HPV, генотипизацията, in situ хибридизацията, имунохистохимията, серологията за антитела, специфични за HPV, тестът за захващане на хибрид-II и четковата биопсия. Болните с плоскоклетъчен орофарингеален рак представляват значителен интерес. При тях може да се прилагат химиотерапия (с цисплатин, цетуксимаб или рапамицин), лъчелечение, проантоцианидини и др.
Early diagnosis of the oral infection with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection a precondition for the timely and adequate therapeutic behaviour in these patients. In the present survey, some recently applied basic diagnostic methods are discussed. The following methods are considered: polymerase chain reaction, both conventional and with primers, for HPVDNA, genotypifying, in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, serology for HPV-specific antibodies, Hybrid Capture II test, and brush biopsy as well. The pateints with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma represent a considerable interest. In them, chemotherapy (with cisplatin, cetuximab or rapamycin, radiotherapy, proanthocyanidins, etc. can be administered.
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