Introduction:
During long-term treatment with peritoneal dialysis, structural and functional changes occur in the peritoneal membrane (PM). Peritoneal biopsy is the gold standard for detecting histopathological changes in the peritoneum, but as an invasive procedure it is not applied routinely. In the clinical practice, non-invasive Peritoneal Equilibration Test is used, but as it is not completely informative, new noninvasive methods are needed.
Aim: The aim of this article is to evaluate the applicability of new non-invasive carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) biomarkers in drained peritoneal dialysate for assessment of the functional status of the peritoneal membrane in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.
Materials and Methods: A total of 35 patients (22 men and 13 women; aged 28 to 78 years) on peritoneal dialysis were included in the study. Creatinine ratio between dialysate and plasma was measured by Jaffe’s method both at the beginning and at the end of the study. CA-125 and VEGF in drained peritoneal dialysate were determined by ELISA at 4h and 12h dwell time both at the beginning and at the end of the study. Standard statistical methods were used and p < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant.
Results: During follow-up we observed significant decrease in D/P-creatinine values, significant decrease in drained peritoneal dialysate volume, significant decrease of CA-125 appearance rates, and no significant change in the appearance rate of VEGF. We observed large interindividual variations of the CA-125 biomarker in both at the beginning and at follow-up.
Conclusions: In our study, CA-125 was more informative for the functional state of the PM as we found a significant decrease of the CA-125 levels which parallels the conventional biomarkers used. Our study did not confirm VEGF as a suitable biomarker for assessment of the PM function as we did not observe significant changes in the VEGF levels during PD treatment. CA-125 testing in PD would have advantages as addition to classical tests.
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