Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an immunotoxic agent and is one of the most toxic environmental pollutants. Our previous results and literature data demonstrated that Cd induced spleenomegaly in rodents, subjected to subacute Cd intoxication. So far there are no effective antidotes for treatment of Cd-poisoning. Herein we compare the effect of DMSA (2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid) and two polyether ionophorous antibiotics monensin and salinomycin on Cd-induced morphological alterations in spleen of Cd-intoxicated mice. The experimental animals were divided into five groups (n = 9 mice) as follow: group 1 consisted of untreated mice and obtained distilled water for 28 days; group 2 (toxic control group) - obtained orally an average daily dose of 20 mg/kg b.w. Cd(II) acetate for 2 weeks, followed by 2 weeks on distilled water; groups 3, 4 and 5 consisted of mice exposed to Cd(II) acetate treatment for 2 weeks, as described for group 2 and subsequently treated with an average daily dose of 20 mg/kg b.w. DMSA, tetraethylammonium salts of monensic and/or salinomycinic acids respectively for 2 weeks. All compounds were dissolved and obtained in the drinking (distilled) water. During the experimental protocol mice received food ad libitum.Experimental results showed increased spleen weight index (SI) in the toxic control group which restored to normal in the detoxicated groups. Morphological changes in the red and white pulp were also observed. The antibiotics had better effect on the spleen compared to DMSA. The results presented herein demonstrated the potential application of monensin and salinomycin as antidotes for Cd-poisoning.Acknowledgments: The work was supported by grant No 5/2016, financed by the Sofia University `St. Kl. Ohridski` Fund for Scientific Research.
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