Aim: By definition, an aneurysm is a localized dilation of an artery with a diameter at least fifty percent greater than normal size. This often occurs at the human aorta in thoracic, abdominal and arch regions. Relatively more rarely, the aneurysm affects the arch region closer to the semilunar valve. However, it is a condition of importance because an ascending aortic aneurysm may be fatal due to the risk of dissection or rupture as a result of e blood pressure. Therefore, we have decided to model the fluid dynamics and compare it to a normal condition. The main objective of the study is to build realistic 3D model of heart with and without ascending aortic aneurysm and to successively simulate fluid movement there. Materials and Methods: Two flexible plastic hearts in norm and pathology were digitally rendered and 3D printed. Those were attached to a blood flow simulator made by silicone tubes. Fluid pressure and particle velocity were measured accordingly. The numerical simulation of fluid provides information about the severity of the impairment of circulatory flow in the arch caused by vortices.
Results: Precise 3D printed models, based on real arch aneurysm data were subjected to test and showed increased turbulence in pathology as compared to normal conditions. Additionally, a concept of proof for numerical modeling was established.
Conclusion: In conclusion, for the first time in Bulgaria such innovative approach for 3D model vascular analysis had been established and verified. However, further investigation is needed to prove whether 3D modeling of vascular disease from a patient scan in combination with fluid blood flow simulation can serve as an alternative method for diagnosing and assessing the severity of vascular diseases.
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