Introduction: Hyperdontia refers to the presence of an excessive number of teeth beyond the normal count for a given dentition, whether temporary or permanent. These supernumerary teeth may be located in both the anterior and distal regions of the alveolar ridge in the maxilla and the mandible. Supernumerary maxillary incisors are particularly rare, predominantly occurring in the permanent dentition, with an incidence rate ranging from 0.01% to 1% of all permanent supernumerary teeth.
Aim: The purpose of this publication is to present the incidence and presumed etiological factors associated with the rare occurrence of supernumerary mandibular incisors. Additionally, it reviews the diagnostic and therapeutic methods documented in the literature concerning such clinical cases. This study also details a rare clinical case involving an additional mandibular central incisor. The review of dental literature focuses on outlining key diagnostic and treatment guidelines developed in recent decades.
Materials and Methods: For the purposes of this research, literature sources published in English over the past 30 years were analyzed, drawing from PubMed and Google Scholar databases.
Results: Based on the data reviewed, it can be concluded that non-syndromic supernumerary mandibular incisors are exceedingly rare. When present, they may erupt with either normal morphology and size or in a rudimentary form.
Conclusion: The identification of supernumerary teeth, particularly those of rare occurrence, is essential for selecting the most appropriate treatment approach and for preventing potential complications associated with these anomalies.
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