Open gingival embrasure occurs as a result of a deficiency of papilla apically to the contact point. Open gingival embrasures are a complex aesthetic and functional problem. Several risk factors lead to the development of an open gingival embrasure: aging; periodontal disease; ratio between the interdental bone and the interproximal contact point between adjacent teeth, length of the embrasure area, root angulations, and triangular-shaped crowns.
The study included 1088 interdental papillae in the aesthetic zone of the maxilla of 220 individuals. The height of the interdental papillae was measured according to the classification of Nordland & Tarnow (1998).
The analysis of the results showed that the frequency and severity of height loss of interdental papillae increased with age.
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