Introduction: Bladder cancer is a multifactorial disease with increasing frequency in the economically developed countries.
Aim: The primary endpoint of this study was the evaluation of the genetic image of bladder tumors in connection to common anticancer drugs.
Materials and Methods: A total of 50 samples were analyzed. 41 samples were from transitorial cell bladder cancer (stages pTa, pT1 and pT2), 6 samples were from chronic inflammatory process (precancerous) and three - negative controls. The gene expression analysis of 168 genes were carried out with two panels for Cancer Drug Resistance & Metabolism PCR Array, Qiagene (84 genes) and PAHS-507 Z - Human Cancer Drug Targets PCR Array, Qiagene (84 genes).
Results: The results showed significant up-regulation of the genes: CYP1A1, CYP3A5, AR, CLPTM1L, CCNE1, MVP, TOP2B, AHR and PPARG in the bladder cancer samples compared to the negative control. A statistically significant difference (p <0.0001) was found in the expression levels of EGFR, ERBB2, ERBB4, ABCC1, ABCC3, ARNT, CYP1A1, CYP3A5, EPHX1, MVP and PPARG genes in muscle invasive (pT2) versus non-invasive bladder tumors (pTa and pT1). These genes are involved in the formation of multi-drug resistance and in the metabolism of steroid hormones, cyclosporins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, as well as some anticancer drugs like Vincristine, Taxol and Thiopurine. The obtained data show the significance of the genes as possible targets in clinical trials for the treatment of bladder cancer.
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