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Scripta Scientifica Pharmaceutica

URINE METABOLOMICS PROFILING REVEALS SPECIFIC METABOLIC ALTERATIONS IN RATS FED DIFFERENT OBESOGENIC DIETS

Andreu Gual-Grau, Maria Guirro, Noemí Boqué, Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs, Lluís Arola

Abstract

Metabolomics has been extensively used for metabolic phenotyping while its application in nutritional research has been rising in the last years. The aim of our study was to characterize the urinary metabolomics profiles induced by several obesogenic diets in rodents in order to define the impact of diet-induced obesity on the metabolome.

For this purpose, 7-week-old male Wistar rats were fed four different diets for 10 weeks: a non-purified standard chow as a control diet (ST); a cafeteria diet containing highly palatable and energy-dense foods (CAF); a semi-purified high-fat diet (HF) and a semi-purified high-fat diet enriched with sweetened milk (HFS). During urine collection, rats were housed individually in metabolic cages for up to 24h. All urine samples were analyzed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.

All the obesogenic dietary treatments increased caloric intake and body fat mass, whereas only CAF diet induced a significant increase in body weight gain when compared with ST group. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed a marked separation of all three hypercaloric diet-fed groups when compared to ST. However, CAF animals presented the most distinctive urinary metabolomics pattern, mainly characterized by the greatest presence of uremic toxins. Overall, hypercaloric diet feeding reduced the excretion of microbial-host co-metabolites and perturbed metabolites involved in the TCA cycle. Conversely, there was also found an increased secretion of metabolites associated with anaerobic glycolysis, creatine metabolism, oxidative stress and metabolic inflammation.

In conclusion, cafeteria diet feeding induced the most noticeable metabolic alterations revealed at urine level, suggesting that the urinary metabolome could be differentially affected by common dietary models used for the study of diet-induced obesity in rodents.


Keywords

metabolomics, diet, obesity




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14748/ssp.v4i1.3971

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About The Authors

Andreu Gual-Grau

Maria Guirro

Noemí Boqué

Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs

Lluís Arola

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