Ships function twenty-four hours a day, seven days per week and generally work is being done by as few people from the staff as possible. The role of working hours organisation as a health risk factor for workers on a ship is being studied. The participants in the study are 155 sailors - 153 men (98.7%) and 2 women (1.3%), at a mean age of 45.35±0.8 years.
The duration of the period on board according to
the last contract of the interviewed people varies from 1 to 7 months. The average working period for workers in offshore companies is 1.15±1.4 months, which is much shorter in comparison to the merchant fleet with a duration of 3.2±2.5 months (Ñ€<0.000). More than a half of the participants, 100 sailors or 64.5%
report for regular extra labour. The highest percentage of extra labour is among those who work on tankers - 13 (86.7%) and in offshore companies - 22 (61.1%)
(Ñ€>0.05).
A lack of time for daily routine tasks is more common among sailors from the merchant fleet - 26 people or 44.8% as well as among those working on a drillship
- 23 people or 25%, (χ² square test of Pearson =6.358, where Ñ€<0.05). Extra labour and psycho-emotional tension are established without any credible differences in both groups.
Assessment and management of the health risk among sailors needs an optimisation of the labour organisation, which aims at increasing the hours of sleep,reduction of extra labour and long work shifts. There is a legislative requirement for the ships to be exploited by an optimal number of staff but in the modern shipping industry sailors are being hired at the minimum allowed number without any possibility for change during shifts and any physiological regimens of
work and rest. Reducing the staff leads to fatigue and stress among seaworkers.
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