Clinical Manifestation Of The Carious Process In Children Between 0 And 5 Years Of Age Diagnosed With Nephrotic Syndrome

Abstract

Nephrotic syndrome affects predominantly children between 1 and 6 years of age. The disease is characterized with high level of risk of recurrence. Symptoms can be overcome and controlled by application of immunosuppressive therapy. Reduction of the serum concentration of calcium at the expense of the protein-connected compounds of calcium is an essential paraclinical finding. The nephrotic syndrome is a prolonged excretory system disorder, marked by potentials of eventual complications, related to the nature of the disease and specifics of treatment. Caries risk evaluation ensures precise registration of newly occurring carious lesions or white spots of demineralization for a specific period of time. It has been established that more susceptible to carious lesions are children of younger age, these suffering from chronic common health disorders, as well as these with limited access to complex, adequate to the individual needs, dental care. The high risk of caries in the interval between 0 and 5 years of age correlates to the registration of a minimum of one of these traits: children with more than one decayed, missing or filled tooth surfaces; children with active lesions of the type “white spot” or enamel defects; children with increased concentration of Streptococcus mutans in the oral cavity. The aim of this study concerns the assessment of the clinical manifestation of the carious process in children up to the age of 5 with the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome. The subject of the investigation are patients with primary dentition. The greatest number of carious lesions, equal to 10, has been recorded among 25% of all the included patients with kidney disorder. The maximum number of “white spots”, namely 10, has been established in 25% of all the children involved with common health disorder of nephrotic syndrome. The persisting pathological findings correspond to the necessity of regular dental visits for performance of professional oral hygiene procedures, combined with programs for motivation and re-motivation.