Necroptosis is an alternative form of regulated cell death, combining features that apply to both apoptosis and necrosis processes. There is evidence that it is involved in regulating the balance of various cell lineages, organ formation during embryonic development, and tissue homeostasis in adults. Necroptosis plays an essential role in a number of disease processes, such as neurodegenerative diseases, myocardial ischemia, Gaucher's disease, and the progression and metastasis of a number of malignant neoplasms. The process of necroptosis can be triggered by various stimuli such as TNFα, interferon γ, lipopolysaccharides, etc. Receptor-interacting proteins (RIPKs) are serine/threonine kinases known as regulators of cell survival and death. The essence of necroptosis is in the formation of a necrosome consisting of RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL. The protumor and antitumor functions of necroptosis are associated with the secretion of various mediators and the initiation of an inflammatory response. Clarifying the role of necroptosis in different types of tumors would contribute to obtaining valuable information, increasing the possibilities for pharmacological influence on malignant tumors, and addressing cases of therapeutic resistance.
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