Wong NA, Saier MH Jr. The SARS-Coronavirus Infection Cycle: A Survey of Viral Membrane Pro- teins, Their Functional Interactions and Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci. 2021; 22(3):1308. Published 2021 Jan 28. doi:10.3390/ijms22031308
Hooper LC, Chin MS, Detrick B, Hooks JJ. Retinal degeneration in experimental coronavirus retinopathy (ECOR) is associated with increased TNF-alpha, soluble TNFR2 and altered TNF-alpha signaling. J Neuroimmunol. 2005; 166(1-2):65-74. doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim. 2005.05.018
ZhouY, DuanC, ZengY, et al. Ocular findings and proportion with conjunctival SARS-COV-2 in COVID-19 patients. Ophthalmology. 2020. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.04.028.
Lecler A, Cotton F, Lersy F, et al. SFNR’s COVID Study Group. Ocular MRI Findings in Patients with Severe COVID-19: A Retrospective Multicenter Observational Study [published online ahead of print, 2021 Feb 16]. Radiology. 2021; 204394. doi:10.1148/radiol.2021204394
Sim R, Cheung G, Ting D, et al. Retinal microvascular signs in COVID-19 [published online ahead of print, 2021 Mar 19]. Br J Ophthalmol. 2021; bjophthalmol-2020-318236. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-318236
Gupta A, Dixit B, Stamoulas K, Akshikar R. Atypical bilateral acute retinal necrosis in a coronavirus disease 2019 positive immunosuppressed patient. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2020 Nov 22:1120672120974941. doi: 10.1177/1120672120974941
Tisdale AK, Chwalisz BK. Neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of coronavirus disease 19. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2020 Nov; 31(6):489-494. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000707
Dinkin M. COVID-19 presenting with ophthalmoparesis from cranial nerve palsy. Neurology. 2020; 95(5):221-223. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009700
Sanghi P, Malik M, Hossain IT, Manzouri B. Ocular Complications in the Prone Position in the Critical Care Setting: The COVID-19 Pandemic. J Intensive Care Med. 2021; 36(3):361-372. doi:10.1177/0885066620959031
Downes SM, Leroy BP, Sharma SM, et al. Hydroxychloroquine hitting the headlines – retinal considerations. Eye. 2020; 34, 1158-1160. https://doi. org/10.1038/s41433-020-0934-9
Yang L, Liu S, Liu J, et al. COVID-19: immunopathogenesis and Immunotherapeutics. Signal Trans- duct Target Ther. 2020; 5(1):128. doi:10.1038/s41392-020-00243-2
Klok FA, Kruip MJHA, van der Meer NJM, et al. Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19. Thromb Res. 2020 Jul; 191:145-147.
Siddiqi HK, Libby P, Ridker PM. COVID-19 – A vascular disease. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2021; 31(1):1-5. doi:10.1016/j.tcm.2020.10.005