Introduction: Difficult nasal breathing is a common problem, which may be a result of multiple factors, leading to physiological disturbance and/or anatomical disorders of the nose and paranasal sinuses. One of the most frequent reasons in childhood age is adenoid hypertrophy.
Aim: The aim of the current article is to determine the influence of adenotomy and adenoidectomy on the respiration and occlusion of children with difficult nasal breathing
Materials and Methods: A total of 412 children, diagnosed with difficult nasal breathing, took part in the study. Of them, 139 underwent a second clinical examination in the period of 1 to 3 months to determine the way of breathing after adenotomy/adenoidectomy.
Results: In primary dentition, after removing the etiological factor for difficult nasal breathing, 68.00% of the children began to breathe spontaneously through the nose. In mixed dentition, there was a higher percentage of children, who maintained mouth breathing as a bad habit. In comparison to the dental class after adenotomy/adenectomy, there was a higher percentage of Angle class II. In the saggital plane there was an increase of the frequency of the overjet from 1 to 3mm, which led to preservation of mouth breathing.
Conclusion: After adenotomy/adenectomy we have determined that in primary dentition a higher percent of children begin to breathe spontaneously through the nose, whereas in mixed dentition mouth breathing is preserved as a bad habit. In children with preserved mouth breathing, there is an increase in the degree of severity of orthodontic deformations and complications of the deformation.
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