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International Bulletin of Otorhinolaryngology

Anesthetic Challenges During Laser Surgery of the Larynx Part 1. Biological Effect And Specific Laser Hazards

Ts. Marinov, M. Belitova, T. Popov, N. Nizamova, J. Rangachev, D. Popova

Abstract

Theoretical basis: Laser is an acronym for light amplification by
stimulated emission of radiation-a highly collimated beam of photons
at a single frequency. Lasers are ubiquitous in the modern world and
are increasingly used in the operating room. The Aim of the study is
to determine different anesthetic techniques and complications during
laser surgery of the larynx. Results: Light has a biologic effect solely
from absorption in tissue (Grotthus-Draper law), specifically by raising
electrons to higher energy states that, in turn, can raise kinetic energy
(heat) or cause chemical reactions. Boulnois categorized the biologic
effects into four types: electromechanical effects, thermal effects,
photoablative effects and photochemical effects. The same properties
that give lasers their clinical value also pose threats to patient and
provider safety. These risks fall into three categories: atmospheric
contamination, gas embolism, and inappropriate energy transfer.
Laser light, because of its special qualities of beam collimation,
coherence, and high-energy density, poses optical safety hazards not
associated with light from conventional sources. Conclusion: Lasers
are increasingly used in the operating room. Understanding the
technology is important to safe anesthetic practice.

Keywords

Laser, biologic effect, risks.

Full Text


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14748/orl.v15i3.6695

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