Цел: Целта на настоящото изследване е да се установи разпространеността на нарушенията на дишането по време на сън сред определени групи атлети. Все още данните относно превалирането на обструктивната сънна апнея/хипопнея (ОSАН) и ефекта £ върху спортните постижения и възстановяването са малко на брой. Нашата хипотеза беше в полза на превалиране на ОSАH в спортове, където се наблюдава завишен индекс на телесната маса като борба, джудо и особено сумо.
Методи: В изследването участваха 67 елитни спортисти. За скрининг посредством анкетен метод атлетите попълваха „Ричланд тест“. Чрез портативни устройства, засичащи кислородната сатурация – пулсоксиметри (OXY-100), беше проведен апаратен скрининг. На най-суспектните случаи беше направено пълно полисомнографско изследване (PSG) чрез система Alice 5 Philips – Respironics Inc., както и последваща CPAP титрация.
Резултати: Анкетният метод, използван от нас, показа превалиране на ОSАH съответно 65% – сумо, 44% – борба, 50% – джудо. Данните от анкетния метод бяха верифицирани при някои от лицата чрез апаратен скрининг. PSG потвърди резултатите от скрининговите методи.
Заключение: Изследването представя и обсъжда резултати, показващи превалирането на ОSАH при три групи елитни атлети. Показано е и терапевтичното повлияване посредством прилагането CPAP апарат. Крайната цел на едно по-мащабно изследване е тестването за нарушения на съня сред определени групи атлети да стане рутинна процедура. Подходящото лечение в случаите на наличие на ОSА ще подобри процесите на спортното възстановяване и представяне.
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Objectives: The present study investigated the breathing sleep disturbances occurrence in some groups of athletes. Little is known about the prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (ОSА) in athletes and its latent effect on athletic performance and recovery. We expected a high index of suspicion for ОSА in particular sports with high Body Mass Index (BMI) as wrestling, judo and sumo wrestling especially.
Methods: Sixty seven high-performance athletes participated in the study. Richland screening scale was used to screen the athletes for sleep disturbance disorders. An ОSА screening device – portable pulse oximetry instrument (OXY-100) was applied after the inquiry. The most suspicious cases for ОSА underwent full standard polysomnography (PSG) using Alice 5 Philips -Respironics Inc. equipment as well as subsequent CPAP titration.
Results: The sumo wrestlers showed 65% ОSА prevalence, wrestlers – 44%, judo – 50%. The devices obtained data verified the results got by the inquiry. PSG approved the data obtained by the screening methods.
Conclusion: This article discusses and reviews data investigating the prevalence of OSA in three groups of high-performance athletes. CPAP therapeutic effect was reperesented. We intend to initiate a sleep disorder’s testing as a normal procedure among some groups of elite athletes. The right treatment in case of OSA presence will improve the sport recovery and performance.
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