The ear is the most frequently affected from blast injury. The frequency of auditory blast injury, according different authors, reaches 35% among survivals.
Metods: The object of investigation are 32 patients – middle age 27,56 ± 8,24 (SD), 26 military and 6 civilians with ear blast injury. It have been analyzed the history, dates from othological exam and audiometry at admission and at discharge of the patients.
Discussion: We found, hearing decreased in all patients (100%), tinnitus in 96,9% patients, otalgia in 93,8% patients. In 40,63% we found mixed hearing loss, in 15,63% - sensorial and in - 9,38% conductive.
Conclusion: The ear blast injury is observed most frequently in young man. The risk professions are military, and guards.
----------------------------
Ухото е най-често засяганият орган при взривна травма. По различни данни честотата на аудиторна травма при експлозии достига до 35% сред преживелите.
Материал и методика: Обект на изследване са 32 пациенти на средна възраст 27,56±8,24(SD), 26 военни и 6 цивилни с акустична взривна травма. Анализирани са данни от анамнеза, отологично изследване и аудиометрия при постъпване и изписване на пациентите.
Резултати и обсъждане: Установи се, че намаление на слуха се наблюдава при всички пациенти (100%), шум в ушите при 96,9% от пациентите, болка в ушите при 93,8% от пациентите. При 40,63% се наблюдава комбинирано намаление на слуха, при 15,63% - сензорно намаление на слуха, а при 9,38% - проводно намаление на слуха.
Заключение: Взривната травма на аудиторната система се наблюдава по-често при индивиди от мъжки пол, в млада възраст. Като рискови професии се оформят кадрови военни и лица, упражняващи охранителна дейност.
Argyros G. Management of primary blast injury. Toxicology. 1997; 121: 105-115
Arnold J, Halpern P, Ming-Che T, Smithline H. Mass casualty bombings: a comparison of outcomes by bombing type. Ann Emerg Med. 2004; 43: 263-273
de Ceballos J, Fuentes F, Diaz D, Sanchez M, Llorente C, Sanz J. Casualties treated at the closest hospital in the Madrid, March 11, terrorist bombings. Crit Care Med. 2005; 33: S107-S112.
Gold S, Attias J, Cahani M, Shahar A. Hearing loss as a result of basic military training Harefuah. 1989 Apr 2; 116(7): 377-9
Helling ER. Otologic blast injuries due to the Kenya embassy bombing. Mil Med. 2004 Nov; 169(11): 872-6
Ianov IuK, Gofman VR, Glaznikov LA, Grechko AT, Shulev IuA. The diagnosis of damages to the auditory system in the early period of explosive mine trauma and the optimization of treatment for the victims Voen Med Zh. 1997 Apr; 318(4): 26-31, 80
Labarere J, Lemardeley P, Vincey P, Desjeux G, Pascal B. Acute acoustic trauma in military personnel. Evaluation of 1 year epidemiologic surveillancePresse Med. 2000 Jul 8-15; 29(24): 1341-4
Leibovici D, Gofrit ON, Shapira SC: Eardrum perforation in explosion survivors: is it a marker of pulmonary blast injury? Ann Emerg Med 1999 Aug; 34(2): 168-72
Mallonee S. Physical injuries and fatalities resulting from the Oklahoma City bombing. JAMA. 1996; 276: 382-387
Mcfeely WJ Jr, Bojrab DI, Davis KG, Hegyi DF Otologic injuries caused by airbag deployment. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1999 Oct; 121(4): 367-73
Mrena R, Paakkonen R, Back L, Pirvola U, Ylikoski J. Otologic Acta Otolaryngol. 2004 Oct; 124(8): 946-52. consequences of blast exposure: a Finnish case study of a shopping mall bomb explosion.
Persaud R, Hajioff D, Wareing M, Chevretton E. Otological trauma resulting from the Soho Nail Bomb in London, April 1999. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 2003 Jun; 28(3): 203-6
Ruggles RL, Votypka R. Blast injuries to the ears. Laryngoscope 1973; 83: 974-6
Spirov A. Blast injuries of the ear in military artillerymen. Zb Vojnomed Akad. 1982; 24: 28-30
Spremo S, Spiric S, Spiric P. Therapeutic approach in blast injuries of the ear. Srp Arh Celok Lek. 1998 May-Jun; 126(5-6): 171-6
Wightman J, Gladish S. Explosions and blast injuries. Ann Emerg Med. 2001; 37: 664-678
Wolf M, Kronenberg J, Ben-Shoshan J, Roth Y. Blast injury of the ear. Mil Med. 1991 Dec; 156(12): 651-3
