Sambucus ebulus L. (Dwarf elder) is an herbaceous plant well-known in traditional medicine of Bulgaria and other countries from Central Europe to the Middle East. It is used for treatment of inflammation-related gastrointestinal disorders, influenza, kidney and lung diseases, and rheumatoid arthritis as well as of wounds, snake and insect bites. Recent research of Dwarf elder shows a high content of total polyphenols, anthocyanin, quercetin and vitamin C, which may be related to its antioxidant activity. Compounds with antiinflammatory and antinociceptive action such as chlorogenic and ursolic acids in the herb have been established, too. Some studies reveal anticancer properties of the herb, and plant ebulins are considered as the main compounds with anticancer properties. Fruit extracts modulate the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes in a preadipocyte cell culture model. Data available indicate that Dwarf elder is a good source of phytotherapeutic means to treat pathological conditions related to inflammation and oxidative stress.
Scripta Scientifica Medica 2013; 45(2): 36-42.
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