Scientific Online Resource System

Scripta Scientifica Medica

Value of screening cognitive assessment instruments in age-related cognitive decline

Mariana Arnaoudova, Desislava Ruseva, Ivan Aleksandrov

Abstract

The aim of our paper is to offer an informed synthesis of practice-based evidence on the utility and efficacy of some brief cognition screening instruments.

METHOD: Clinical evaluation of the most commonly used brief screening methods in our clinical setting.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Due to limited clinicians` time in intensive gerontopsychiatric setting we need sensitive screening instruments which cover the six key neuropsychological abilities, impaired in different kinds of neurocognitive disorders (NCD). Cognition oriented clinical interview and a set of brief screening cognitive tests provide valuable information
on cognitive impairment, abilities, motivation, and potential for future outcomes. When we discuss the qualities and application of the cognitive screen tests we prefer to put an accent on their application as brief assessment tools at the doctor`s office.

CONCLUSION: Subtypes of neurocognitive disorders are characterised by different patterns of impairment. Clinicians should receive training and use in everyday practice reliable, valid and stable cognitive screening tools to determine cognitive impairment, level of impairment or changes in level of cognitive status.


Keywords

cognitive impairment; screening instruments; dementia; neuropsychological assessment

Full Text


References

American Psychological Association, Presidential Task Force on the Assessment of Age-Consistent Memory Decline & Dementia. Guidelines for the evaluation of dementia and age-related cognitive decline. American Psychologist, 1998;53:1298-1303.

American Psychological Association. Guidelines for the Evaluation of Dementia and Age-Related Cognitive Change. American Psychologist,2011;67(1):1-9.

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing, 2013.

Harvey, Ph. Clinical applications of neuropsychological assessment. Dialogues Clin Neurosci., 2012;14:91-99.

Lalkhen, A., Mc Cluskey, A. Clinical tests: sensitivity and specificity.-Cont Educ Anaesth Crit Care Pain, 2008;8(6):221-223.

Cullen, B., O`Neill, B., Evans, J.J., Coen, R.F., Lawlor,B.A. A review of screening tests for cognitive impairment. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2007;78:790-799.

Stephan, B. C., Kurth, T., Matthews, F.E., Brayne, C., Dufouil, C. Dementia risk prediction in the population: are screening models accurate? Nat Rev Neurol., 2010;6(6):318-326.

Spiegel, W. Should family physicians screen for cognitive impairment and/or dementia. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, 2007;15(8):726-727.

Folstein, M.F., Folstein, S.E., McHugh, P.R. `Minimental state`. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr

Res., 1975;12(3):189-198.

O` Bryant, S. E., Humphreys, J.D., Glenn, E.,Smith, G.E., Ivnik, R., Graff-Radford, N.R., Petersen, R.S., Lucas, J.A. Detecting Dementia with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in Highly Educated Individuals. Arch Neurol.,

;65(7):963-967.

Mitchell, A.J., Malladi, S. Screening and case finding tools for the detection of dementia. Part I: evidence-based meta-analysis of multidomain tests. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, 2010;18(9):759-782.

Sunderland, T., Hill, J.L., Mellow, A.M., Lawlor, B.A., Gundersheimer, J., Newhouse, P.A., Grafman, J.H. Clock drawing in Alzheimer`s disease: a novel

measure of dementia severity. J Am Geriatr Soc., 1989;37:725-729.

Shulman, K.I. Clock-drawing: is it the ideal cognitive screening test? Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 2000;15(6):548-561.

Pinto, E., Peters, R. Literature review of the Clock Drawing Test as a tool for cognitive screening. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord., 2009;27(3):201-213.

Ehreke, L., Luppa, M., König, H.H., Riedel-Heller, S.G. Is the Clock Drawing Test a screening tool for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment? A systematic review.- Int Psychogeriatr., 2010;22(1):56-63.

Isaacs, B. Kennie, A.T. The Set test as an aid to the detection of dementia in old people. Br J Psychiatry, 1973;123(575):467-70.

Zazzo, R. Test des deux barrages.-Actualite´s pe´dagogiques et psychologiques, Vol. 7. Neuchaˆtel: Delachaux et Nestle´, 1974.

Katz, S. Assessing self-maintenance: activities of daily living, mobility, and instrumental activities of daily living. J Am Geriatr Soc., 1983;31:721-7.

Wechsler, D. WAIS-R Manual. New York: Psychological Corporation` 1981.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14748/ssm.v46i2.681
Array
Article Tools
Email this article (Login required)
About The Authors

Mariana Arnaoudova
Medical University of Varna
Bulgaria

Department of psychiatry and medical psychology

Desislava Ruseva
Medical University of Varna
Bulgaria

Department of psychiatry and medical psychology

Ivan Aleksandrov
Medical University of Varna
Bulgaria

Department of psychiatry and medical psychology

Font Size


|