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Scripta Scientifica Pharmaceutica

EFFECTS OF KRILL OIL AND LEAN AND FATTY FISH ON LIPOPROTEIN SUBCLASSES AND LOW MOLECULAR-WEIGHT METABOLITES: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

Amanda Rundblad, Kirsten B. Holven, Inge Bruheim, Rune Andreassen, Mari C. Myhrstad, Stine M. Ulven

Abstract

Fish consumption and supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids have beneficial health effects. Krill oil is an alternative source of marine omega-3 fatty acids and few studies have investigated its effect on human health. Thus, we aimed at comparing the effects on lipid metabolism of krill oil supplementation with intake of fish containing similar amounts of omega-3 fatty acids and a control group not receiving omega-3 fatty acids. In an eight-week randomized parallel study, 36 healthy subjects aged 18-70 years with fasting serum triglycerides between 1.3 and 4.0 mmol/L were randomized to receive either fish, krill oil or a control oil. In the fish group, subjects consumed lean and fatty fish in accordance with dietary guidelines. The krill group and control group received 8 capsules/day containing 4 g oil/day. The weekly intake of marine omega-3 fatty acids were 4103 mg in the fish group and 4654 mg in the krill group. We analyzed changes in fasting serum triglycerides and plasma fatty acids at routine laboratories as well as lipoprotein subclasses and low-molecular-weight metabolites using a high-throughput NMR metabolomics platform. The plasma levels of EPA and DHA increased significantly in the krill group and the fish group and DPA increased in the krill group. Fasting serum triglycerides decreased by 17% in the krill group and 7% in the fish group, however, the change was nonsignificant due to large individual differences. Lipoprotein subclasses were altered towards less of the largest VLDL subclasses in the krill group and the fish group. There were no changes in low-molecular-weight metabolites. To further understand the effects on lipid metabolism, changes in gene expression of lipid metabolism genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) will be analyzed. In addition, we are performing a global profiling of miRNA expression in PBMC with validation of significant results using RT-qPCR.

Acknowledgements: Oslo and Akershus University College, the University of Oslo, The Throne Holst Foundation for Nutrition Research and Rimfrost AS


Keywords

fish, krill oil, EPA, DHA, lipoprotein subclasses, gene expression, miRNA




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14748/ssp.v4i1.3938

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About The Authors

Amanda Rundblad

Kirsten B. Holven

Inge Bruheim

Rune Andreassen

Mari C. Myhrstad

Stine M. Ulven

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