The frequent consumption of sugar-containing foods and drinks stimulates and intensifies the progression of caries in the different periods of childhood. In the context of the ecological plaque hypothesis the initiation of carious process is related to a disturbance of the homeostasis in the oral cavity and metabolic disorder of resident microbial flora. It is associated with abnormal accumulation of plaque upon tooth surfaces, uncontrolled sugar intakes, and dynamic fluctuations and decrease of salivary pH. The onset and progression of the general health, including with location along excretory system, correlate with the necessity of frequent hospitalizations. The efforts of physicians, parents and children are concentrated solely on the somatic disorder. Patients are overburdened with trying to cope with specific medication programs and the restrictions of the dietary regime. As a consequence, drastic deterioration of the oral health status can occur. The aim of the study is to analyze variations of carbohydrate nutrition and their impact on oral health in children suffering from kidney disorders. Subject of the research are children with diagnosed pyelonephritis and nephrotic syndrome, as well as a control group of healthy children. We implemented clinical, para-clinical, sociological and statistical methods in the study. Children with diagnosed nephrotic syndrome are characterized by the greatest number of non-cavity and cavity carious lesions, as well as with the lowest value of salivary pH. Among these participants are recorded the highest levels of indicators of gingival status, respectively.
In our investigation among children with kidney diseases, particularly these with nephrotic syndrome, the limiting of protein consumption is compensated by high frequency of sugar intake, including such rich in starch. Complex carbohydrates are characterized by a considerable potential for adhesion on tooth surfaces, especially into interdental spaces and gingiva. This is related to a very high risk of tooth decay. We should not neglect also the harmful effects of interactions between saccharides and compound sugars in order to ensure efficient maintenance of oral health in conditions of kidney disorders.
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