Albano D, Chianca V, Cuocolo R et al (2018) T2-mapping of the sacroiliac joints at 1.5 Tesla: a feasibility and reproducibility study. Skeletal Radiol 47:1691–1696
Albano D, Messina C, Vitale J, Sconfienza LM. Imaging of sarcopenia: old evidence and new insights. Eur Radiol. 2020 Apr;30(4):2199-2208. doi: 10.1007/s00330-019-06573-2. Epub 2019 Dec 13. PMID: 31834509.
Amini B, Boyle SP, Boutin RD, Lenchik L (2019) Approaches to assessment of muscle mass and myosteatosis on computed tomography (CT): a systematic review. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz034
Azzabou N, Hogrel JY, Carlier PG (2015) NMR based biomarkers to study age-related changes in the human quadriceps. Exp Gerontol 70:54–60
Berger J, Bunout D, Barrera G et al (2015) Rectus femoris (RF) ultrasound for the assessment of muscle mass in older people. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 61:33–38
Bokshan SL, DePasse JM, Daniels AH (2016) Sarcopenia in orthopedic surgery. Orthopedics 39:e295–e300
Boutin RD, Bamrungchart S, Bateni CP et al (2017) CT of patients with hip fracture: muscle size and attenuation help predict mortality. AJR Am J Roentgenol 208:W208–W215
Boutin RD, Kaptuch JM, Bateni CP, Chalfant JS, Yao L (2016) Influence of IV contrast administration on CT measures of muscle and bone attenuation: implications for sarcopenia and osteoporosis evaluation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 207:1046–1054
Boutin RD, Yao L, Canter RJ, Lenchik L. Sarcopenia: Current Concepts and Imaging Implications. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2015 Sep;205(3):W255-66. doi: 10.2214/AJR.15.14635. Epub 2015 Jun 23. PMID: 26102307.
Brandenburg JE, Eby SF, Song P et al (2014) Ultrasound elastography: the new frontier in direct measurement of muscle stiffness. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 95:2207–2219
Brioche T, Pagano AF, Py G, Chopard A (2016) Muscle wasting and aging: experimental models, fatty infiltrations, and prevention. Mol Aspects Med 50:56–87
Burian E, Syväri J, Holzapfel C et al (2018) Gender-and age-related changes in trunk muscle composition using chemical shift encoding-based water–fat MRI. Nutrients 10:1–13
Chang KV, Chen JD, Wu WT, Huang KC, Hsu CT, Han DS (2018) Association between loss of skeletal muscle mass and mortality and tumor recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Liver Cancer 7:90–103
Chianca V, Albano D, Messina C et al (2017) Diffusion tensor imaging in the musculoskeletal and peripheral nerve systems: from experimental to clinical applications. Eur Radiol Exp 1:12
Correa-de-Araujo R, Hadley E (2014) Skeletal muscle function deficit: a new terminology to embrace the evolving concepts of sarcopenia and age-related muscle dysfunction. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 69:591–594
Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM et al (2010) Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis—report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Age Ageing 39:412–423
Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Bahat G, Bauer J et al (2019) Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing 48:16–31
Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Bahat G, Bauer J, Boirie Y, Bruyère O, Cederholm T, Cooper C, Landi F, Rolland Y, Sayer AA, Schneider SM, Sieber CC, Topinkova E, Vandewoude M, Visser M, Zamboni M; Writing Group for the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2), and the Extended Group for EWGSOP2. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing. 2019 Jan 1;48(1):16-31. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afy169. Erratum in: Age Ageing. 2019 Jul 1;48(4):601. PMID: 30312372; PMCID: PMC6322506.
Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Landi F, Schneider SM et al (2014) Prevalence of and interventions for sarcopenia in ageing adults: a systematic review. Report of the International Sarcopenia Initiative (EWGSOP and IWGS). Age Ageing 43:748–759
Deng HY, Hou L, Zha P, Huang KL, Peng L (2019) Sarcopenia is an independent unfavorable prognostic factor of non-small cell lung cancer after surgical resection: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol 45:728–735
Deng HY, Zha P, Peng L, Hou L, Huang KL, Li XY (2019) Preoperative sarcopenia is a predictor of poor prognosis of esophageal cancer after esophagectomy: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Dis Esophagus. https://doi.org/10.1093/dote/doy115
Dirks RC, Edwards BL, Tong E et al (2017) Sarcopenia in emergency abdominal surgery. J Surg Res 207:13–21
Dirks RC, Edwards BL, Tong E, Schaheen B, Turrentine FE, Shada A, Smith PW. Sarcopenia in emergency abdominal surgery. J Surg Res. 2017 Jan;207:13-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.08.015. Epub 2016 Aug 10. PMID: 27979468.
Fischer MA, Pfirrmann CWA, Espinosa N, Raptis DA, Buck FM (2014) Dixon-based MRI for assessment of muscle-fat content in phantoms, healthy volunteers and patients with achillodynia: comparison to visual assessment of calf muscle quality. Eur Radiol 24:1366–1375
Forbes SC, Lott DJ, Finkel RS et al (2012) MRI/MRS evaluation of a female carrier of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 22(Suppl 2):S111–S121
Friedman J, Lussiez A, Sullivan J, Wang S, Englesbe M (2015) Implications of sarcopenia in major surgery. Nutr Clin Pract 30:175–179
Grimm A, Meyer H, Nickel MD et al (2018) Repeatability of Dixon magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy for quantitative muscle fat assessments in the thigh. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 9:1093–1100
Grimm A, Nickel MD, Chaudry O et al (2019) Feasibility of Dixon magnetic resonance imaging to quantify effects of physical training on muscle composition-a pilot study in young and healthy men. Eur J Radiol 114:160–166
Guerri S, Mercatelli D, Aparisi Gómez MP et al (2018) Quantitative imaging techniques for the assessment of osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Quant Imaging Med Surg 8:60–85
Guglielmi G, Ponti F, Agostini M, Amadori M, Battista G, Bazzocchi A (2016) The role of DXA in sarcopenia. Aging Clin Exp Res 28:1047–1060
Hu X, Dou WC, Shao YX et al (2019) The prognostic value of sarcopenia in patients with surgically treated urothelial carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol 45:747–754
Kullberg J, Brandberg J, Angelhed JE et al (2009) Whole-body adipose tissue analysis: comparison of MRI, CT and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Br J Radiol 82:123–130
Lenchik L, Boutin RD (2018) Sarcopenia: beyond muscle atrophy and into the new frontiers of opportunistic imaging, precision medicine, and machine learning. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 22:307–322
Li K, Dortch RD, Welch EB et al (2014) Multi-parametric MRI characterization of healthy human thigh muscles at 3.0 T - relaxation, magnetization transfer, fat/water, and diffusion tensor imaging. NMR Biomed 27:1070–1084
Lindström I, Khan N, Vänttinen T, Peltokangas M, Sillanpää N, Oksala N (2019) Psoas muscle area and quality are independent predictors of survival in patients treated for abdominal aortic aneurysms. Ann Vasc Surg 56:183–193.e3
Marty E, Liu Y, Samuel A, Or O, Lane J (2017) A review of sarcopenia: enhancing awareness of an increasingly prevalent disease. Bone 105:276–28
Matsumoto T, Tanizawa K, Tachikawa R, Murase K, Minami T, Inouchi M, Handa T, Oga T, Hirai T, Chin K. Associations of obstructive sleep apnea with truncal skeletal muscle mass and density. Sci Rep. 2018 Apr 25;8(1):6550. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-24750-z. PMID: 29695811; PMCID: PMC5916913.
Mattera M, Reginelli A, Bartollino S et al (2018) Imaging of metabolic bone disease. Acta Biomed , Hirschfeld HP, Kinsella R, Duque G (2017) Osteosarcopenia: where bone, muscle, and fat collide. Osteoporos Int 28:2781–2790 , Messina C, Monaco CG, Ulivieri FM, Sardanelli F, Sconfienza LM (2016) Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry body composition in patients with secondary osteoporosis. Eur J Radiol 85:1493–1498
Meeks AC, Madill J (2017) Sarcopenia in liver transplantation: a review. Clin Nutr ESPEN 22:76–80
Melville DM, Mohler J, Fain M et al (2016) Multi-parametric MR imaging of quadriceps musculature in the setting of clinical frailty syndrome. Skeletal Radiol 45:583–589
Messina C, Maffi G, Vitale JA, Ulivieri FM, Guglielmi G, Sconfienza LM (2018) Diagnostic imaging of osteoporosis and sarcopenia: a narrative review. Quant Imaging Med Surg 8:86–99
Mintziras I, Miligkos M, Wächter S, Manoharan J, Maurer E,Bartsch DK (2018) Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity are significantly associated with poorer overall survival in patients with pancreatic cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Surg 59:19–26
Mitchell WK, Phillips BE, Williams JP et al (2013) Development of a new Sonovue contrast-enhanced ultrasound approach reveals temporal and age-related features of muscle microvascular responses to feeding. Physiol Rep 1:e00119
Mitsiopoulos N, Baumgartner RN, Heymsfield SB, Lyons W, Gallagher D, Ross R (1998) Cadaver validation of skeletal muscle measurement by magnetic resonance imaging and computerized tomography. J Appl Physiol (1985) 85:115–122
Mourtzakis M, Parry S, Connolly B, Puthucheary Z (2017) Skeletal muscle ultrasound in critical care: a tool in need of translation. Ann Am Thorac Soc 14:1495–1503
Narici M, Franchi M, Maganaris C (2016) Muscle structural assembly and functional consequences. J Exp Biol 219:276–284
Pamoukdjian F, Bouillet T, Lévy V, Soussan M, Zelek L, Paillaud E (2018) Prevalence and predictive value of pre-therapeutic sarcopenia in cancer patients: a systematic review. Clin Nutr 37:1101–1113
Pescatori LC, Savarino E, Mauri G et al (2019) Quantification of visceral adipose tissue by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging: reproducibility and accuracy. Radiol Bras 52
Power GA, Allen MD, Booth WJ, Thompson RT, Marsh GD, Rice CL (2014) The influence on sarcopenia of muscle quality and quantity derived from magnetic resonance imaging and neuromuscular properties. Age (Dordr) 36:9642
Randhawa A, Wakeling JM (2013) Associations between muscle structure and contractile performance in seniors. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 28:705–711
Rosenberg IH (1989) Summary comments. Am J Clin Nutr 50: 1231–1233
Rosenberg JG, Ryan ED, Sobolewski EJ, Scharville MJ, Thompson BJ, King GE (2014) Reliability of panoramic ultrasound imaging to simultaneously examine muscle size and quality of the medial gastrocnemius. Muscle Nerve 49:736–740
Rubbieri G, Mossello E, Di Bari M. Techniques for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab. 2014 Sep;11(3):181-4. PMID: 25568650; PMCID: PMC4269140
Sconfienza LM (2019) Sarcopenia: ultrasound today, smartphones tomorrow? Eur Radiol 29:1–2
Sconfienza LM, Albano D, Allen G et al (2018) Clinical indications for musculoskeletal ultrasound updated in 2017 by European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology (ESSR) consensus. Eur Radiol 28:5338–5351
Scott JM, Martin DS, Ploutz-Snyder R et al (2012) Reliability and validity of panoramic ultrasound for muscle quantification. Ultrasound Med Biol 38:1656–1661
Sergi G, Trevisan C, Veronese N, Lucato P, Manzato E (2016) Imaging of sarcopenia. Eur J Radiol 85:1519–1524
Shachar SS, Williams GR, Muss HB, Nishijima TF (2016) Prognostic value of sarcopenia in adults with solid tumours: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Eur J Cancer 57:58–67
Shen W, Punyanitya M, Wang Z et al (2004) Total body skeletal muscle and adipose tissue volumes: estimation from a single abdominal cross-sectional image. J Appl Physiol (1985) 97:2333–2338
Sinha U, Malis V, Csapo R, Moghadasi A, Kinugasa R, Sinha S (2015) Age-related differences in strain rate tensor of the medial gastrocnemius muscle during passive plantarflexion and active isometric contraction using velocity encoded MR imaging: potential index of lateral force transmission. Magn Reson Med 73:1852– 1863
Strasser EM, Draskovits T, Praschak M, Quittan M, Graf A (2013) Association between ultrasound measurements of muscle thickness, pennation angle, echogenicity and skeletal muscle strength in the elderly. Age (Dordr) 35:2377–2388
Ticinesi A, Meschi T, Narici MV, Lauretani F, Maggio M (2017) Muscle ultrasound and sarcopenia in older individuals: a clinical perspective. J Am Med Dir Assoc 18:290–300
Tosato M, Marzetti E, Cesari M et al (2017) Measurement of muscle mass in sarcopenia: from imaging to biochemical markers. Aging Clin Exp Res 29:19–27
Vezzoli A, Mrakic-Sposta S, Montorsi M et al (2019) Moderate intensity resistive training reduces oxidative stress and improves muscle mass and function in older individuals. Antioxidants (Basel) 8:E431
Watanabe K, Ohashi M, Hirano T et al (2018) The influence of lumbar muscle volume on curve progression after skeletal maturity in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a long-term follow up study. Spine Deform 6:691–698.e1
Yang Z, Zhou X, Ma B, Xing Y, Jiang X, Wang Z (2018) Predictive value of preoperative sarcopenia in patients with gastric cancer: a meta-analysis and systematic review. J Gastrointest Surg 22:1890–1902
Yoo T, Lo WD, Evans DC. Computed tomography measured psoas density predicts outcomes in trauma. Surgery. 2017 Aug;162(2):377-384. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2017.03.014. Epub 2017 May 24. PMID: 28551380; PMCID: PMC5893151.
Zoico E, Corzato F, Bambace C et al (2013) Myosteatosis and myofibrosis: relationship with aging, inflammation and insulin resistance. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 57:411–416
