Apical periodontitis is an inflammation involving the periodontium and adjacent alveolar bone, along with the bone-marrow spaces (1). Inflammation arises following infection of the necrotic pulp, leading to acute periapical periodontitis. If left untreated or if treatment is unsuccessful, it can progress to chronic periapical periodontitis. Periradicular lesions can be categorized as granulomas, periradicular cysts, and abscesses. They are diagnosed clinically and paraclinically.
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