Lemoine P, Harousseau H, Borteyru JP, Menuet JC. Les enfants des parents alcoholiques: anomolies observées a propos de 127 cas. Ouest Med 1968; 8:476-482.
del Campo M, Jones KL. A review of the physical features of the fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Eur J Med Genet 2017; 60:55-64. DOI:10.1016/j.ejmg.2016.10.004
Peadon E, Rhys-Jones B, Bower C, Elliott EJ. Systematic review of interventions for children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. BMC Pediatr 2009; 9:35. DOI:10.1186/1471-2431-9-35
Fiore M, Laviola G, Aloe L, di Fausto V, Mancinelli R, Ceccanti M. Early exposure to ethanol but not red wine at the same alcohol concentration induces behavioral and brain neurotrophin alterations in young and adult mice. Neurotoxicology 2009; 30:59-71. DOI:10.1016/j. neuro.2008.11.009
Fiorentino D, Carito V, Solombrino S, Giovanna C, Scamporrino MCM, Ciolli P, et al. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy: Intervention guidance for the prevention of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Scr Sci Medica 2017; 49:9-21. DOI:10.14748/ssm. v49i4.4107
Ciafre S, Fiore M, Ceccanti M, Messina MP, Tirassa P, Carito V. Role of neuropeptide tyrosine (NPY) in ethanol addiction. Biomed Rev 2016; 27:27-39. DOI:10.14748/ bmr.v27.2110
Ciafre` S, Carito V, Ferraguti G, Greco A, Chaldakov GN, Fiore M, Ceccanti M. How alcohol drinking affects our genes: an epigenetic point of view. Biochem Cell Biol 2018;bcb-2018-0248. DOI:10.1139/bcb-2018-0248
Ceccanti M, Coccurello R, Carito V, Ciafrè S, Ferraguti G, Giacovazzo G, et al. Paternal alcohol exposure in mice alters brain NGF and BDNF and increases ethanol-elicited preference in male offspring. Addict Biol 2016; 21:776-787. DOI:10.1111/adb.12255
Coriale G, Fiorentino D, Lauro FDI, Marchitelli R, Scalese B, Fiore M, et al. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder FASD;: Neurobehavioral profile, indications for diagnosis and treatment. Riv Psichiatr 2013; 48:359-369. DOI:10.1708/1356.15062
Ceccanti M, De Nicolò S, Mancinelli R, Chaldakov G, Carito V, Ceccanti M, et al. NGF and BDNF long-term variations in the thyroid, testis and adrenal glands of a mouse model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Ann Ist Super Sanita 2013; 49:383-390. DOI:10.4415/ANN-13- 04-11
Ceccanti M, Mancinelli R, Tirassa P, Laviola G, Rossi S, Romeo M, Fiore M. Early exposure to ethanol or red wine and long-lasting effects in aged mice. A study on nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, hepatocyte growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor. Neurobiol Aging 2012; 33:359-367. DOI:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2010.03.005
Fiore M, Mancinelli R, Aloe L, Laviola G, Sornelli F, Vitali M, Ceccanti M. Hepatocyte growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor are differentially affected by early chronic ethanol or red wine intake. Toxicol Lett 2009; 188:208-213. DOI:10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.04.013
De Nicolò S, Carito V, Fiore M, Laviola G. Aberrant behavioral and neurobiologic profiles in rodents exposed to ethanol or red wine early in development. Curr Dev Disord Reports 2014; 1:173-180. DOI:10.1007/s40474- 014-0023-5
Ciafrè S, Carito V, Tirassa P, Ferraguti G, Attilia ML, Ciolli P, et al. Ethanol consumption and innate neuroimmunity. Biomed Rev 2017; 28:49-61. DOI:10.14748/bmr. v28.4451
Ferraguti G, Ciolli P, Carito V, Battagliese G, Mancinelli R, Ciafrè S, et al. Ethylglucuronide in the urine as a marker of alcohol consumption during pregnancy: Comparison with four alcohol screening questionnaires. Toxicol Lett 2017; 275:49-56. DOI:10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.04.016
Carito V, Ceccanti M, Ferraguti G, Coccurello R, Ciafrè S, Tirassa P, Fiore M. NGF and BDNF alterations by prenatal alcohol exposure. Curr Neuropharmacol 2017; 15: DOI: 10.2174/1570159X15666170825101308
May PA, Baete A, Russo J, Elliott AJ, Blankenship J, Kalberg WO, et al. Prevalence and characteristics of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. Pediatrics 2014; 134:855-866. DOI:10.1542/peds.2013-3319
May PA, Fiorentino D, Coriale G, Kalberg WO, Eugene Hoyme H, Aragón AS, et al. Prevalence of children with severe fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in communities near Rome, Italy: New estimated rates are higher than previous estimates. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2011; 8:2331-2351. DOI:10.3390/ijerph8062331
Aragón AS, Coriale G, Fiorentino D, Kalberg WO, Buckley D, Phillip Gossage J, et al. Neuropsychological characteristics of Italian children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2008; 32:1909- 1919. DOI:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2008.00775.x
May PA, Fiorentino D, Phillip Gossage J, Kalberg WO, Eugene Hoyme H, Robinson LK, et al. Epidemiology of FASD in a province in Italy: Prevalence and characteristics of children in a random sample of schools. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2006; 30:1562-1575. DOI:10.1111/j.1530- 0277.2006.00188.x
Ceccanti M, Fiorentino D, Coriale G, Kalberg WO, Buckley D, Hoyme HE, et al. Maternal risk factors for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in a province in Italy. Drug Alcohol Depend 2014; 145:201-208. DOI:10.1016/j. drugalcdep.2014.10.017
Kodituwakku P, Coriale G, Fiorentino D, Aragón AS, Kalberg WO, Buckley D, et al. Neurobehavioral characteristics of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in communities from Italy: Preliminary results. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2006; 30:1551-1561. DOI:10.1111/ j.1530-0277.2006.00187.x
Hassler JA, Moran DJ. Effects of ethanol on the cytoskeleton of migrating and differentiating neural crest cells: possible role in teratogenesis. J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol Suppl 1986; 2:129-136.
Cranston ME, Mhanni AA, Marles SL, Chudley AE. Concordance of three methods for palpebral fissure length measurement in the assessment of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Can J Clin Pharmacol 2009; 16:e234-e241.
Pooley M. Saving VAT on building work. Elder Care 1993; 5:18. DOI:10.1093/ejo/cji110
Gibson L, Porter M. Drinking or smoking while breastfeeding and later cognition in children. Pediatrics 2018; 142:e20174266. DOI:10.1542/peds.2017-4266
Chudley AE, Conry J, Cook JL, Loock C, Rosales T, Leblanc N. guidelines for diagnosis: Identifying fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in primary care. J Med Assoc Canada 2005; 172:S1-S21. DOI:10.1503/ cmaj.1040302
Burd L, Klug MG, Li Q, Kerbeshian J, Martsolf JT. Diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: A validity study of the fetal alcohol syndrome checklist. Alcohol 2010; 44:605-614. DOI:10.1016/j. alcohol.2009.08.010
Manning MA, Eugene Hoyme H. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: A practical clinical approach to diagnosis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2007; 31:230-238. DOI:10.1016/j. neubiorev.2006.06.016
Vagnarelli F, Palmi I, GarcÃa-Algar O, Falcon M, Memo L, Tarani L, et al. A survey of Italian and Spanish neonatologists and paediatricians regarding awareness of the diagnosis of FAS and FASD and maternal ethanol use during pregnancy. BMC Pediatr 2011; 11:51. DOI:10.1186/1471-2431-11-51
Riley EP, Infante MA, Warren KR. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: An overview. Neuropsychol Rev 2011; 21:73- 80. DOI:10.1007/s11065-011-9166-x
Astley SJ, Aylward EH, Olson HC, Kerns K, Brooks A, Coggins TE, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging outcomes from a comprehensive magnetic resonance study of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2009; 33:1671-1689. DOI:10.1111/j.1530- 0277.2009.01004.x
Hoyme HE, Kalberg WO, Elliott AJ, Blankenship J, Buckley D, Marais A-S, et al. Updated clinical guidelines for diagnosing Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. Pediatrics 2016; 138:e20154256-e20154256. DOI:10.1542/peds.2015-4256
Viljoen D, Louw JG, Lombard C, Olivier L. Comparing diagnostic outcomes of children with fetal alcohol syndrome in South Africa with diagnostic outcomes when using the updated Institute of Medicine diagnostic guidelines. Birth Defects Res 2018; 110:1335-1342. DOI:10.1002/bdr2.1399
Elgen I, Bruaroy S, Laegreid LM. Lack of recognition and complexity of foetal alcohol neuroimpairments. Acta Paediatr Int J Paediatr 2007; 96:237-241. DOI:10.1111/ j.1651-2227.2007.00026.x
Autti-Rämö I, Fagerlund A, Ervalahti N, Loimu L, Korkman M, Hoyme HE. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in Finland: Clinical delineation of 77 older children and adolescents. Am J Med Genet 2006; 140 A:137-143. DOI:10.1002/ajmg.a.31037
Fiorentino D, Coriale G, Spagnolo PA, Prastaro A, Attilia ML, Mancinelli R, Ceccanti M. Fetal alcohol syndrome disorders: Experience on the field. The Lazio study preliminary report. Ann Ist Super Sanita 2006; 42:53-57.
Astley SJ, Olson HC, Kerns K, Brooks A, Aylward EH, Coggins TE, et al. Neuropyschological and behavioral outcomes from a comprehensive magnetic resonance study of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Can J Clin Pharmacol 2009; 16:e178-201.
Donald KA, Eastman E, Howells FM, Adnams C, Riley EP, Woods RP, et al. Neuroimaging effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on the developing human brain: A magnetic resonance imaging review. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2015; 27:251-269. DOI:10.1017/neu.2015.12
Woods KJ, Jacobson SW, Molteno CD, Jacobson JL, Meintjes EM. Altered parietal activation during non-symbolic number comparison in children with prenatal alcohol exposure. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 11:627. DOI:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00627
Biffen SC, Warton CMR, Lindinger NM, Randall SR, Lewis CE, Molteno CD, et al. Reductions in corpus callosum volume partially mediate effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on IQ. Front Neuroanat 2018; 11:132. DOI:10.3389/fnana.2017.00132
Suttie M, Wozniak JR, Parnell SE, Wetherill L, Mattson SN, Sowell ER, et al. Combined face-brain morphology and associated neurocognitive correlates in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:1769- 1782. DOI:10.1111/acer.13820
Migliorini R, Moore EM, Glass L, Infante MA, Tapert SF, Jones KL, Mattson SN, Riley EP. Anterior cingulate cortex surface area relates to behavioral inhibition in adolescents with and without heavy prenatal alcohol exposure. Behav Brain Res 2015; 292:26-35. DOI:10.1016/j. bbr.2015.05.037
Woods KJ, Meintjes EM, Molteno CD, Jacobson SW, Jacobson JL. Parietal dysfunction during number processing in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. NeuroImage Clin 2015; 8:594-605. DOI:10.1016/j. nicl.2015.03.023
Infante MA, Moore EM, Bischoff-Grethe A, Migliorini R, Mattson SN, Riley EP. Atypical cortical gyrification in adolescents with histories of heavy prenatal alcohol exposure. Brain Res 2015; 1624:446-454. DOI:10.1016/j. brainres.2015.08.002
Fan J, Jacobson SW, Taylor PA, Molteno CD, Dodge NC, Stanton ME, et al. White matter deficits mediate effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on cognitive development in childhood. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 37:2943-2958. DOI:10.1002/hbm.23218
Boronat S, Sánchez-Montañez A, Gómez-Barros N, Jacas C, MartÃnez-Ribot L, Vázquez E, et al. Correlation between morphological MRI findings and specific diagnostic categories in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Eur J Med Genet 2017; 60:65-71. DOI:10.1016/j.ejmg.2016.09.003
Wozniak JR, Mueller BA, Mattson SN, Coles CD, Kable JA, Jones KL, et al. Functional connectivity abnormalities and associated cognitive deficits in fetal alcohol Spectrum disorders FASD;. Brain Imaging Behav 2017; 11:1432- 1445. DOI:10.1007/s11682-016-9624-4
Kodali VN, Jacobson JL, Lindinger NM, Dodge NC, Molteno CD, Meintjes EM, Jacobson SW. Differential recruitment of brain regions during response inhibition in children prenatally exposed to alcohol. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2017; 41:334-344. DOI:10.1111/acer.13307
Hendrickson TJ, Mueller BA, Sowell ER, Mattson SN, Coles CD, Kable JA, et al. Cortical gyrification is abnormal in children with prenatal alcohol exposure. NeuroImage Clin 2017; 15:391-400. DOI:10.1016/j. nicl.2017.05.015
Norman AL, Crocker N, Mattson SN, Riley EP. Neuroimaging and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Dev Disabil Res Rev 2009; 15:209-217. DOI:10.1002/ddrr.72
Sowell ER, Mattson SN, Kan E, Thompson PM, Riley EP, Toga AW. Abnormal cortical thickness and brain-behavior correlation patterns in individuals with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure. Cereb Cortex 2008; 18:136-144. DOI:10.1093/cercor/bhm039
Fryer SL, Tapert SF, Mattson SN, Paulus MP, Spadoni AD, Riley EP. Prenatal alcohol exposure affects frontal-striatal BOLD response during inhibitory control. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2007; 31:1415-1424. DOI:10.1111/j.1530- 0277.2007.00443.x
Mattson SN, Riley EP. A review of the neurobehavioral deficits in children with fetal alcohol syndrome or prenatal exposure to alcohol. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1998; 22:279- 294. DOI:10.1111/j.1530-0277.1998.tb03651.x
Burden MJ, Andrew C, Saint-Amour D, Meintjes EM, Molteno CD, Hoyme HE, et al. The effects of fetal alcohol syndrome on response execution and inhibition: An event-related potential study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2009; 33:1994-2004. DOI:10.1111/j.1530- 0277.2009.01038.x
Coles CD, Li Z. Functional neuroimaging in the examination of effects of prenatal alcohol exposure. Neuropsychol Rev 2011; 21:119-132. DOI:10.1007/ s11065-011-9165-y
Kaneko WM, Ehlers CL, Philips EL, Riley EP. Auditory event-related potentials in fetal alcohol syndrome and Down`s syndrome children. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1996; 20:35-42. DOI:10.1111/j.1530-0277.1996.tb01040.x
Kaneko WM, Phillips EL, Riley EP, Ehlers CL. EEG findings in fetal alcohol syndrome and Down syndrome children. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1996; 98:20-28. DOI:10.1016/0013-469495;00189-1
Mattson SN, Riley EP, Jernigan TL, Ehlers CL, Delis DC, Jones KL, et al. Fetal alcohol syndrome: A case report of neuropsychological, MRI, and EEG assessment of two children. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1992; 16:1001-1003. DOI:10.1111/j.1530-0277.1992.tb01909.x
Turchetta R, Conti G, Marsella P, Orlando MP, Picciotti PM, Frezza S, et al. Universal newborn hearing screening in the Lazio region, Italy. Ital J Pediatr 2018; 44:104. DOI:10.1186/s13052-018-0534-5
Ralli M, Rolesi R, Anzivino R, Turchetta R, Fetoni AR. Acquired sensorineural hearing loss in children: current research and therapeutic perspectives. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2017; 37:500-508. DOI:10.14639/0392-100X-1574
Chudley AE, Kilgour AR, Cranston M, Edwards M. Challenges of diagnosis in fetal alcohol syndrome and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in the adult. Am J Med Genet Part C Semin Med Genet 2007; 145:261-272. DOI:10.1002/ajmg.c.30140
Ceccanti M, Coriale G, Hamilton DA, Carito V, Coccurello R, Scalese B, et al. Virtual Morris task responses in individuals in an abstinence phase from alcohol. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 96:128-136. DOI:10.1139/ cjpp-2017-0013
Ceccanti M, Hamilton D, Coriale G, Carito V, Aloe L, Chaldakov G, et al. Spatial learning in men undergoing alcohol detoxification. Physiol Behav 2015; 149:324-330. DOI:10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.06.034
Merrick J, Merrick E, Morad M, Kandel I. Fetal alcohol syndrome and its long-term effects. Minerva Pediatr 2006; 58:211-218.
O`Leary C, Leonard H, Bourke J, D`Antoine H, Bartu A, Bower C. Intellectual disability: Population-based estimates of the proportion attributable to maternal alcohol use disorder during pregnancy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2013; 55:271-277. DOI:10.1111/dmcn.12029
Streissguth AP, O`Malley K. Neuropsychiatric implications and long-term consequences of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Semin Clin Neuropsychiatry 2000; 5:177-190. DOI:10.1053/scnp.2000.6729
Kelly SJ, Day N, Streissguth AP. Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on social behavior in humans and other species. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2000; 22:143-149. DOI:10.1016/S0892-036299)00073-2
Famy C, Streissguth AP, Unis AS. Mental illness in adults with fetal alcohol syndrome or fetal alcohol effects. Am J Psychiatry 1998; 155:552-554. DOI:10.1176/ ajp.155.4.552
O`Leary CM, Jacoby PJ, Bartu A, D`Antoine H, Bower C. Maternal alcohol use and sudden infant death syndrome and infant mortality excluding SIDS. Pediatrics 2013; 131:e770-e778. DOI:10.1542/peds.2012-1907
Wilhoit LF, Scott DA, Simecka BA. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: Characteristics, complications, and treatment. Community Ment Health J 2017; 53:711-718. DOI:10.1007/s10597-017-0104-0
May PA, Blankenship J, Marais AS, Gossage JP, Kalberg WO, Joubert B, et al. Maternal alcohol consumption producing fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD): Quantity, frequency, and timing of drinking. Drug Alcohol Depend 2013; 133:502-512. DOI:10.1016/j. drugalcdep.2013.07.013
Ferraguti G, Pascale E. Lucarelli M, Alcohol addiction: a molecular biology perspective. Curr Med Chem 2015; 22:670-684. DOI:10.2174/0929867321666141229103158
Email this article (Login required) 
